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Management Theories – III, X,Y,Z, and C. Theories Author: hasan yahya Management Theories – III, X,Y,Z, and C. Theories Hasan Yahya, Ph.D This part covers X, Y, Z and C. Management theories. According to X,Y, theories of management were developed by Douglas McGregor in the 1960s, it defined contrasting assumptions about the nature of humans in the work place. Theory X is the classical theory where it is task-oriented rather than people-oriented like Y theory. In other words, X theory does not give any importance to group members’ functions, or say their physical or biological combination. Its interest is to finish the job no matter how. While Y theory, depends on human activities of the team. Where the team can help other members to complete the task. It’s a commitment of human participation as a work team has its limitations. Theory Z, however, developed twenty years later in 1981, in the time I was in my graduate school. William Ouchi's "Theory Z". Often referred to as the "Japanese" management style, it offers the notion of a hybrid management style which is a combination of a tight American management style and a tight Japanese management style. Ouchi, came up with the notion of a "Theory Z", which is similar to Y, where both look at the attitudes of managers and workers, as well as contrasting views of how workers are perceived by the management team [Owners or CEOs], and how workers perceive their role at the workplace. His excellence was comparing two management and workers in Japan and the United States, in terms of commitment, bottom-up or top-down, or loyalty to ones job, or to ones nation. Theory Z, was successful in Japan, and was applied to the US companies. Finally C. Theory for the writer under Crescentology term.(Yahya 2008). It deals with true knowledge leads to true understanding, which leads to mastering, and then execution. However, Knowledge in this case, includes all aspects of the management theory from the inputs to the outputs. Or from the hypothetical project to a complete one. With more flexibility combined almost all management theories. Inversely, if the knowledge was incomplete in any step of a project, or for example depends on false information, it will influence the process steps and the output (goals) in a friendly environment depending on mutual understanding of workers’ and managers’ roles. (404 words) Hasan Yahya is an American Arab personality, a professor of sociology, and a columnist at wfol.tv, Malaysia, and TINA International News Agency, Michigan, USA. www.hasanyahya.com Article Source: ArticlesBase.com - Management Theories – III, X,Y,Z, and C. Theories Have a nice day!
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